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Methods
of Vibration Analysis
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Equipment
Our state-of-the-art equipment assures
accurate and cost-effective vibration
measurements. Two of the most useful
pieces of equipment in our office are
the Symphonie 01dB monitor and the Larson-Davis
2900B Real Time Analyzer, both used
for advanced digital acquisition.
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The
Larson-Davis 2900 is small, lightweight,
and has many measuring applications.
It is a precision sound level meter
and a dual channel real-time frequency
analyzer. It incorporates full, 1/3
Octave, or fine-line spectrum filters.
This time-saving instrument gathers
frequency domain data, and has the advantage
of being self-contained and does not
require a laptop to view the spectrum.
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The
Symphonie 01dB replaces traditional
measurement instruments. It is compact
and efficient, consisting of transducers
(microphones, accelerometers or intensity
probes) connected to a small acquisition
unit which transfers data in real-time
to a notebook computer. Viewing vibration
levels in real-time allows simultaneous
analyses in both time and frequency
domains.
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Fine-Line
Spectrum and 1/3 Octave Band
Measurements are initially acquired
as a fine-line spectrum. Using filter
sets, vibration spectra can be segmented
into various bandwidths, and measurements
are included as octave band data in
our surveys. Typical 1/3 octave band
filtering further divides each full
(1/1) octave band into three divisions
covering 1/3 the original band. Under
ASTM standards the bands are from 1
Hz to 80 Hz for documenting the contribution
of vibration. Vibration can be measured
in three degrees of freedom: z is normally
vertical, and x and y are the horizontal
components.
Source-Path-Receiver
Model Controlling vibration
within a planned structure, involves
taking measurements on existing structures
and developing a realistic source-path-receiver
model. Whether internal or external,
vibration can be modeled in this manner.
The location or magnitude of the source,
attenuation of the path, and sensitivity
of the receiver are the basic elements
of the problem.  These measurements, combined with the
standard methods of computer modeling, calculations and field measurements,
produce a model more accurate and less costly to develop than a purely
analytical model.
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Finite
Element Analysis Finite
Element Analysis (FEA) is used to
determine structural design requirements
in advanced vibration analysis.
We use finite element analysis
(FEA) to form 3-D computer-generated
models of a structure or an assembly.
After the model is built,
a mesh is applied, dividing the
assembly into a finite number of
smaller elements, “finite elements”.
A system of equations is applied
to these elements, which governs
how each element will respond to
specific boundary element conditions.
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FEA
can be used to predict how a floor assembly
will react to different inputs of vibration.
We can determine at what natural frequency
the floor will respond, mode shapes,
and maximum displacements. FEA
can be used to input field test data
into the models, in order to simulate
real-world vibration in a computer-simulated
model.
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